HI 1330: Introduction to the History of Science and Technology

By citing your sources you:

• Demonstrate to your reader how your own ideas stem from, differ from, or relate to those in your sources
• Distinguish your ideas from the ideas of others and give credit to others for their ideas (avoid plagiarism)
• Lend credibility to your own work by citing credible sources
• Assist your reader, who will want to be able to find the sources that you used
• Share intellectual activity honestly and properly

You must provide a ciation when:

• Quoting directly from a source (copying the words of another)
• Paraphrasing ideas or information from a source (rewriting a passage in your own words)
• Incorporating into your paper information or ideas that are not general knowledge

Citations at the end of your paper should always tell you:

• Who wrote the source material? Who is the author, editor, artist, or organization behind the work?
• What is it called? What is the title of the book, article, website, photograph, etc.?
• When was the source was published? What is the date of publication?
• Where  and by whom was it published? This will vary from source to source. For a book - who is the publisher; what city was it published in? For a website, what is the URL? For a journal article, what journal is it in; what is the DOI? 

Citation styles vary in how they present this information, but generally, these elements are always included.

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